Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya Management

Question: Discuss about the Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya Management. Answer: Introduction: Malaysia was under the UK colonialism and the towns planning in the two countries have had several similarities. Owing to the ties to the colonial masters, the Malaysian government has been using the same system as the UK in terms of the town and country planning. The main objective for the both country implementation of the own planning is to increase the living conditions for the town residents. In the recent past, town planning has been developed into an enormous exercise of comprehensive analysis of all surrounding conditions both physical and human. The town planning is the orientation of the different parts of the town elements leading to the proper land utilization (King, 2008). Town planning systems helps top control the different land uses and their patterns. This requires an authority that would be giving the purpose for the different approvals for developments and activities and control any adverse impact to the surrounding environment whenever they are envisioned (Chapin, 1974). The town plagencies. elps to control the sustainable developments in the country. In Malaysia, the town planning consists of different aspects such as the national physical plan, state structure plan and local plan. Town planning g Act in Malaysia also known as the Act 172, was enacted in 1976 (Malaysia, 1983). The planning system is enhanced each time in the aim to improve the effectiveness in overcoming the environmental and ecological problems and enhancing the state of the towns a responsibility, which is located to the town planners. In addition, many urban planners work with the similar fields such as the architecture, landscape architecture, civil engineering, and public administration to achieve strategic, policy and sustainability goals in order to attain different goals of town development. In this view, the early urban planners in old days were in most cases members of these designated fields. Moreover, in the current days the town or urban planning is a separate and an independent professional identity from these disciplines. In addition, when the 1947 Act was enacted, it led to the nationalization of the right to develop land. In addition, it needs several proposals in order to secure planning permission from the local authority. This is in relations with the provision of acceptance of being denied at any given time. The department of town planning and its systems was introduced to enhance development charge and capture the planning gain, which arises whenever the permission to develop land is granted. The Act to allow the development organization was abolished by the 1954 Town and Country Planning Act passed under subsequent Conservative government. In addition, the discipline is the broader category and it includes different sub-fields such as land-use planning, zoning, economic development, environmental planning, and transportation planning in the town centers. Nevertheless, the development planning in the country stated since 1921 in Kuala Lumpur. The town planning systems was developed to respond to the haphazard developments in different towns in order to reduce superfluous wastes which happen in financial expenditure leading to the overcoming of problems. In addition, it enhances the setting out as systematic and orderly arrangement of towns in line with modern town planning practices. According to B.J Collins, town planning is defined as an organizing of buildings and land use in pursuance of an express scheme of urban or rural evolution (Bruton, University of Wales, Institute of Science and Technology agencies, 2008). Due to the different changes of structures and management, town planning requires a proper scheme that will be adopted by all management systems (Malaysia, 1983). The town planning system act it there different levels, which include the federal, state, and local level. The main function of this part of the government is to ensure that there is an ideal use, development and conservation of land in the country (King, 2098). At the different levels, the function of the town planning department has different roles to play. Additionally, the aim of the town planning department helps to control and enhance uniform developments at the different towns in the country. Bruton, M. J.; University of Wales, Institute of Science and Technology agencies, 2008). In addition, both town and country planning in the United Kingdom are part of English land law which is concerned with land use planning. The major goals which is charged with these departments include to ensure that there is sustainable economic development and a better environment. In addition, the different countries in United Kingdom have their own planning system and therefore enhance responsible for town and country planning. The development planning is the main function of the department of the town planning systems in both Peninsular Malaysia and United Kingdom (Sabah,1900). As part of the first role of the town planning system in the federal level, the department helps to advice the federal, state and local governments on all planning matters, which are mostly related to the use and development of land. In Peninsular Malaysia, the department helps to orientation of the land use on different parts in the town and enhancing the orientation of the housing structures in the town. Through this, the department helps to control the developments being undertaken in the town (Sabah,1900). In addition, this department in Peninsular Malaysia has the authority of the type of structures, which will be carried on different locations. This helps to provide a systematic development where some structures are located on a specific part of the town(King, 2008). The town planning helps to control the developments of the d ifferent structures being carried out in Peninsular Malaysia and control the development activities which happens in the town. In the same note, the department of town planning has the responsibility of developing the town planning system in Peninsular Malaysia. Since the Malaysian department emulates the UK department, they act the same in the control of town developments in relation with the different structures carried out in the town (Malaysia, 1983). In addition, the departments in both countries have the responsibility to ensure that they promote accessibility in the towns (Bruton, University of Wales, Institute of Science and Technology. agencies, 2008). The department makes sure the road access to the different structure and places in the towns is enhanced to promote the economy through saving of time during transportation. The department helps to create the development through management of the transport. Since the formation of these department in the two country, they cont rol of allocation of different structure in town has been enhanced such as roads and buildings. The departments have been able to enhance the development of these structures and their enhancement. In addition, the roots of these departments and the UK town and country planning system as it emerged in the immediate post-war years. In addition, the particular concerns were pollution, urban spraw, and ribbon development. In addition, the departments ensures that different items in the towns are well organized. The town planning systems enhances the development of structures in order to increase the job creation. The planning systems enhanvmces the structures such as the roads and buildings which are key to development of the area. More importantly, in the two departments has enhanced the movements in the areas and thus promoting issues concern trade. The key objective of these departments in the towns is to raise the income of the town dwellers by making their lives efficient. This is evident from the different measures which enhance the livelihood of the people such as the arrangement of different structures. The New Economic Policy (NEP), indicates and offers the different responsibilities for the town planning management (Malaysia, 1983). Also, the town planning system has became the basis of legislation to restructure local government system. It is therefore able to define the different aspects o f the town planning g and therefore able to distaste the running of infrastructures. The consideration of the areas as key to infrastructure offers the planning system to run differentitems in the administration. It s clearly evident that the town planning system in Malaysia emulates their colonial ones. The mandate of these departments are much common and therefore have a common origin. This formations of the departments shows that the two countries relies on the town planning systems to perform the same responsibilities in organizingbthe town activities. For instance, there are some specific activities which take place in some specific activities. The industrial activities in Peninsular Malaysia are concentrated in one area of the town. The determination of the concentration of the town activities are done by the town planning administration. The responsibility of the the administration is to come up with the perfect planning system of the town which will enhance the coordination of the town activities. Similarly, the same action is found in UK (King, 2008). There are specific activities such as industries which are much concentrated in an area than in other location. The planning system since 1976 has been able to change with the changes in demand and responsibility which the system has to attain. In the initial formation, the system did not have to take care of the much development of the town. The increasing population number in the town has led to the evolvement of the responsibilities being allocated. In this view, the organization of the town is left in the hands of the developed town planning systems whereby it helps to show which structures will be set up on which part of the town. This helps to align with other departments such as the health, whereby they have some specific locations for specific structures (Malaysia, 1983). Likewise, the population of the UK amounts to 12.3% of that of EU, the third largest among the member state and this has led to the changes of the town planning system. Different negotiations deals have been happening to have the best and appropriate town planning system in both countries. This has enhanced the develo pment of the structures and enhancing their availability. In addition, the town planning systems aids to arrange these structures in an organized manner. The developers have to consult the managers of the town planning system do that they are aware on the different locations where they can set up their specific development structures. In like with this, the systems helps to a range the development of both towns in UK and Malaysia. Planning control is therefore the process of managing the development of land and buildings in a given region. The purposes of this process are to save what is best of our heritage. In addition, the department focuses on the improvement of the infrastructure upon which we depend for a civilised existence. References King, R. (2008). Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya: negotiating urban space in Malaysia. Honolulu, Asian Studies Association of Australia. https://online.liverpooluniversitypress.co.uk/doi/abs/10.3828/twpr.4.4.x5360p322j073868?journalCode=twpr Malaysia. (1983). A landscape guide for town planning 1983 . Kuantan, Jabatan Perancang Bandar dan Desa, Cawangan Kawasan TimurTimur. Lee, L. M., Abdul Mutalip Abdullah, Alip Bin Rahim. (1990). Town planning in Malaysia: history and legislation. Pusat Pengajian. https://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/spw/general/malaysia/index_e.html. Sabah (malaysia). (1900). Town planning bulletin . Kota Kinabalu, [Lands Survey Dept). Bruton, M. J.; University of Wales, Institute of Science and Technology. agencies. (2008). Strategic planning in Malaysia : a review of the plans and agencies. Wales, UK : Dept. of Town Planning, University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology. https://www.mlit.go.jp/kokudokeikaku/international/spw/general/uk/indePengajian.

Othello; Appearence vs Reality free essay sample

Othello Appearance vs. Reality Uploaded by firealive (20) on Oct 30, 2004 William Shakespeare focuses a lot of his play, Othello, on the theme of appearance versus reality. Othello, along with other characters in the play, depend on only their eyes and with that they jump to major conclusions. There are many instances in the book where there is hidden confusion, meaning the character believes on only what his or her eyes tell him, hence, Looks can be very deceiving. One of the first instances where the theme appearance versus reality appears, is when Othello sees Cassio walking away very quickly after conversing with Desdemona, Othello’s wife. The basis around which he is suspicious comes from Iago, a very jealous man. Iago has presented to Othello, in a sneaky way, that Desdemona and Cassio are having an affair. Iago whispers to Othello, â€Å"†¦I cannot think it, that he would steal away so guilty like. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello; Appearence vs Reality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † (lll,iii,42) Othello then replies, â€Å"†¦I do believe ‘twas he. † (lll,iii,44) But, when in reality, Cassio and Desdemona are talking about how to get Cassio’s job back. Desdemona says to Cassio, I know’t. I thank you. You do love my lord; You have known him long; and be you well assured He shall in strangeness stand no farther off Than in politic distance. (lll,iii,11) Othello believes only what his eyes tell him. Now, Othello questions how Cassio and Desdemona are talking, but does not have a good enough motive to get angry at Desdemona nor does he ask her about Cassio. But, this instance is only the beginning of the lies that he sees from afar. A second instance in the book where appearance versus reality presents itself s when Iago places Othello where he can see but cannot hear. Iago then starts a conversation with Cassio about Bianca. Since this is later in the book, Iago has been able to give Othello a purpose for being mad at Desdemona. From afar, it looks like Cassio is talking in a sexual way about Desdemona. She was here even now. She haunts me in Every place. I was the other day talking on the Sea-bank with certain Venetians, and t hither comes, The bauble. (By this hand, she falls) thus about my Neck! (llll,i,150) In reality, Iago places Cassio in a position to talk about how great Bianca is so great. Othello sees this from afar and says in shock, â€Å"Crying, ‘O dear Cassio,’ as it were, his gesture imports it. † (lll,i,155) Othello now believes everything and has evidence of his eyes, which for him is all the evidence he needs. Now, since Othello trusts Iago, he believes everything Iago says to him and trusts his opinions, even though they are in reality, lies. Iago supports everything Othello has been lead to believe. This marks the begging of the period of Othello’s craziness. One of the last instances where the theme appearance versus reality appears is when Lodovico, the Duke’s messenger, comes into the book. Lodovico comes to deliver a message for Othello to return to Venice for Othello has done this job of defeating the Turks. Othello reads, â€Å" ‘This fail you not to do, as you will. ’† (llll,i,250) As Othello is reading the letter, Desdemona tells Lodovico about what has been going on since they reached Cyprus. Desdemona say, â€Å"Cousin, there’s fall’n between him and my lord. An unkind breach, but you shall make all well. (llll,i,255) Othello hears what she is saying because he is standing right there. So, obviously Desdemona did not intend for this to be a secret. He the threatens Desdemona by asking, â€Å"Are you wise? † (lll,i,257) He does not approve of Desdemona telling Lodovico these thing. Othello, now in a huge outrage, slaps Desdemona and storms out. Lodovico witnesses the entire episod e. He is very surprised that an honest, strong hearted man, who had so much passion for Desdemona could do such a thing. He says to Iago, Is this the noble Moor, whom our fill senate Call all in all sufficient? Is this the nature Whom passion could not shake, whose solid virtue The shot of accident nor dart of chance Could neither graze nor pierce? (llll,i,297) Iago then states, behind Othello’s back, how much Othello has changed. He does because he is so carried away with his plan to destroy Cassio, he starts blaming Othello. It seems to Lodovico, that Othello has changed a lot since coming to Cyprus because hitting your wife is an imaginable crime. But what Lodovico doesn’t know is Othello thinks, because of what Iago has brainwashed into his head. Lodovico is one character who relies on only his eyes, and seeing this once incident rules out to be that Othello is a danger to the people around him. This event marks the last appearance versus reality situation. After this, the truth starts to come out. Appearance versus reality is a major theme in this book. Not only are looks deceiving, but looks alone, only cause trouble, trouble that is sometimes unfixable. People today, just like those in the Shakespearean period, jump to conclusions just by seeing. It is important to get all the facts before something tragic happens just like in Othello. Seeing isn’t always believing.

How Has the Linux Operating System Made Our Lives Better

Argument for the Use of Consensual Relationship Agreements (Cras) Essays

Argument for the Use of Consensual Relationship Agreements (Cras) Essays Argument for the Use of Consensual Relationship Agreements (Cras) Essay Argument for the Use of Consensual Relationship Agreements (Cras) Essay Argument for the usage of consensual relationship understandings ( CRAs ) in my current ( or hereafter ) workplace Consensual Relationship Agreement ( CRA ) is a contract that both employees involved a romantic relationship mark to admit that their relationship is voluntary and that they will stay by the policies of the company sing anti-harassment and anti-discrimination. ( Hellriegel A ; Slocum. 2011 ) . Office love affair should be addressed in a more constructive and professional manner merely like behaviours such as attending. frock codifications. and non-disclosure understandings. If one can reason that it is absolutely acceptable for employees with personal challenges ( such as decease in the household. childbearing. ill household member ) to have aid and. support in the signifier of personal time-off from work so it must be sensible for other employees who become romantically involved to acquire some type of support from their employers. The hazards of office love affair can better be mitigated if the hazard factors are known and managed. So. for illustration. cases from employees who claim they were coerced into an office love affair and disadvantaged by it would be avoided because employees signed the CRAs of their ain will. Allegations from other employees of existent or imagined favouritism from a supervisor to a subsidiary with whom he or she is romantically involved would be averted because HR would hold already taken stairss to guarantee this does non go on. By making a mechanism which provides specific and elaborate guidelines for professional workplace behaviour. HR professionals are able to educate and admonish employees about appropriate or inappropriate workplace etiquettes. Privacy issues or deficiency thereof. as related to dating in the workplace would besides be suitably addressed with the employees involved so they can non claim that were below the belt treated. Another obliging ground why 1 should reason for CRAs in their workplaces is that in visible radiation of the legal branchings of the rights of employees in the workplace. CRAs become an expedient and prudent manner to protect the involvement of an organisation and at the same time supply safe and meaningful ways for employees to freely research and show their sentiments for others who might experience the same manner. Organizations spend a batch of clip and resources on strategic planning and prediction. The intent of such planning is to place the organisation to carry through two major ends: remain abreast with. or in front of. the competitory market place and alteration current procedures and attacks that are non giving desired. or expected consequences. These are proactive stairss to guarantee advancement and success. CRAs facilitate and heighten such strategic programs by remaining in front of a altering workplace in the modern age and guaranting that valuable human resources will non be lost and thereby endanger more of import organisational ends and aims. CRAs provide a model for responsible behaviour by employees. peculiarly. supervisors. It fosters a win-win work environment for employees who happen to be romantically involved with each other and for employers to supply counsel and way for appropriate workplace behavioural outlooks. By conveying the relationship into the unfastened the employees involved would non experience force per unit area to travel to great lengths to conceal their relationship and could concentrate on being productive. Conversely. these employees would go pre-occupied with happening ways to conceal their relationships if the company did non promote workplace love affair. Make a counter statement against the usage of CRAs in your current ( or hereafter ) workplace. Office love affair must be forbidden in the workplace because it merely raises excessively many evitable issues in the workplace. By its really nature. office love affair predisposes employees involved to compromise their rational nonsubjective behaviours because their non-objective emotional senses tend to rule their ideas and actions. Romantic relationships are the consequence of self-generated human behaviour ; they are non preconceived and hence can non be regulated or contained by contracts. Making CRAs a status for employment is besides non a good thought because. over clip. the limitations become intolerable and the parties involved find out that they are better off in different organisations where their actions and whereabouts will no longer be scrutinized by an assigned HR individual. CRAs are tantamount to indirect employment understanding in that they indirectly impose limitations on the persons involved in the relationship and seek to protect the involvement of the organisation at the disbursal of the people who happen to be emotionally attracted to each other and take to show those sentiments in an unfastened and liberating manner. CRAs merely go uneffective tools because the employees who even agree to subscribe them frequently find ways to in secret prosecute in behaviours that result in oversights in judgement because they are emotionally charged. In many respects. CRAs are intrusive and inherently designed to deter workplace love affair. By their very nature they put limitations on a human behaviour that is designed to be self-generated and natural. Organizations are non equipped to manage issues of the bosom and neither should they get down now. Organizations need to concentrate on what they do best. increasing stockholder value and carry throughing other strategic ends and aims. Discuss the ethical rules involved in the usage of CRAs. There are many positions and strong beliefs about what is. or is non ethical. However. there are no universally accepted rules and regulations for deciding all ethical issues ( Hellriegel A ; Slocum. 2011 ) . In a state with such great freedom of look. one can merely conceive of the diverseness of sentiments and places sing the factors that drive people’s determinations and explicate their moralss. The scope of such factors is every bit broad as the differences in people and this is reflected in the diverseness of ethical rules. However. for the intents of this paper merely a smattering of relevant moralss based rules – Utilitarian. Professional Standards. Disclosure and Distributive rules will be considered: Utilitarian rule focal points on the magnitude. extent and impact of injury versus good of determinations that are made. The concluding determination is predicated on the weight of good versus bad – the greatest good for the greatest figure ( Hellriegel A ; Slocum. 2011 ) . On the footing of this rule. CRAs are believed to bring forth more good than injury for those who choose to prosecute in office love affair. Disclosure Principle – This rule focuses on how most people in society will respond to the inside informations of a determination when it becomes public cognition. Most organisations take societal duty really earnestly and will make their really best to earn positive public image. Consequently CRAs are viewed favourably by such organisations. Distributive Principle – This rule is predicated on equity. The push of CRAs is a win-win agreement for both the organisation and the person because most organisations by and large perceive CRAs to be just. Create at least one ( 1 ) other option besides CRAs that would turn to workplace love affairs. The lone other option for workplace love affairs that may be plausible is for the organisation to develop a set of policies based on the organisation involvement rule which focuses on the footing of what is good for the organisation ( Hellriegel A ; Slocum. 2011 ) . With this option. employees are expected to unwrap any possible or existent struggle involvement to the human resource professional within the organisation. Conflict of involvement covers a wide scope of behaviours ; nevertheless. this paper will concentrate on personal struggle of involvement which stresses zero tolerance for favoritism and sexual torment. This alternate attack to workplace love affairs would requires that an employee may non oversee person with whom they have a close personal relationship such as anyone in their household. family or person with whom they have or had a romantic relationship or other close personal relationship. Additionally. if one were to oversee person even indirectly with whom they had one of the relationships described above. one must unwrap the relationship quickly. Any Acts of the Apostless of favoritism. sexual torment or other torment based on race. colour. faith. age. gender. sexual orientation would be addressed under a zero tolerance policy.

Sotcks investment project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sotcks investment project - Essay Example Listed at the NYSE in 1970, the UK firm was selected because of the interest in the energy sector based on the price fluctuations it experiences. The BP stocks were trading well at an average of $41.5. With earnings per share of 4.99 in the current year, investing in the firm would be a noble idea. But with the news of how the company was duped in the compensation of for the 2010 Gulf of Mexico spill because its attorneys failed to include the need for proof of damage by the spill, the BP stock slipped, and particularly by 1.2% in London on 5th June 2013. The same industry had me trade in ConocoPhillips, a major integrated oil and gas firm that explores, produces and markets crude oil, natural gas and bitumen globally. With its headquarters in Houston, Texas, the firm was founded in 1917 with Conoco and Phillips merging in 2002 to create the firm. The choice of ConocoPhillips’ stock for trading was informed by the need to understand the industry by considering another firm oth er than the earlier studies BP. ConocoPhillips would be a viable investment because since 2002, the firm has had its gross profit and cost of goods sold remain constant or improve, save for the year 2008 when falling commodity prices and declining market capitalization caused a slight dip. As such, shareholders are assured of returns on their investments over a long term. Additionally, the firm is the largest independent energy and petroleum firm as measured by production and proved reserves as noted by Market Watch; a sovereignty that secures the interest of shareholders. The stock price of ConocoPhillips exhibit strong correlation with its financial achievement. The $11 billion repurchase of common stock in 2011 aimed at increasing its earnings per share and net income thus increase demand for its stock which would in turn raise its price at the stock exchange. With a dividend of $2.64 in the pas financial year, the firm has had its stock price averaging at about $60. To further u nderstand the trends in major integrated oil and gas industry, Exxon Mobil, another firm from the industry, was selected for trading practice in this class. Exxon Mobil explores and produces crude oil and natural gases and also manufactures petroleum products. The Irving, Texas firm, founded in 1870 also transports and sells these products. Its operations cut across the globe to cover the US, Canada, Africa, Asia, Europe and Australia. The merger between Exxon and Mobil in 1999 which made the firm the largest publicly traded company in the energy sector could be a reason to attract investors. Just like other firms in this industry, the stock price of Exxon Mobil would be greatly influenced by the prices of crude oil. The increase in prices of crude oil in the period around 2011 saw the firm raise the price of its products which translated to increased stock price. With forecasted future increase in energy demand globally, it is anticipated that its share price will keep rising. Four thly, Hertz was selected for the trading practice to help understand how changes in the oil industries affect consumers of its products. Founded in 2005 and headquartered in Park Ridge, NJ, Hertz runs two segments in its business: renting cars and renting equipment in Canada and the US. Investing in Hertz would be viable as

The great depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The great depression - Essay Example At the same time, inequality grew by 0.1 percent pushing the poor to worse levels while the rich gained more wealth (Mcquaid 636). Evidently, with the rising personal debts and a consistent production of more goods, a balance was unattainable hence triggering a great depression on the lack Tuesday of October 1929. The stock market crashed leading to the worse economic collapse felt all over the world including various industrialised nations such as Europe. Apart from worsening wages, the great depression led to the closure of 11,000 banks out of 25,000 by 1933 in the United States. Notably, the failure attracted a nationwide loss of confidence in the economy. As a result, many people were not willing to invest or meet the high production at the time. Certainly, this aggravated the spiral downfall hence putting into question the relationship build by America from World War I. historically, America emerged from world war I as a major financier of various countries including Europe. Countries like Germany had been weakened by the war and had to pay for war reparations (Freedman 62). It, therefore, asked for a lot of financial assistance from America, which appeared to be enjoying financial stability. Therefore, many countries that suffered from the great depression mainly had debt or credit related issues with the United States. Germany, for instance, had cases of rising unemployment represented by 6 million people, which is 25% of the e ntire German workforce. The great depression was felt in different countries around the globe. It’s huge effects not only forced a new deal in America but directly led to extremism in Germany and most importantly World War II. As a result various key issues contributed to the fall of world economy. Before the industrialization period, limited Americans had a limited access to the banking sector. However, as industrialization gained momentum more banks came into light. Americans

The End of Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The End of Cold War - Essay Example Many views simply refer Cold war as the ‘war of words’ between various nations and states. From the third world across the countries of Eastern Europe and in reference to the once divided German to the American Midwest the cold war made its presence felt after it inserted itself into the economies of the two protagonists, and shaped political choices of people, as well as, determined the outcomes of the elections. Moreover, it sets parameters on human rights and helps in the promotion of democracy in some countries and authoritarian in others. One side of the scholars argue that ideologies that are conflicting were of no relevance and both sides were in a position to use rhetoric concepts to conceal their real interests and intentions. This was basically placed on the analysis that was last done with regard to the neorealist theory of Kenneth Waltz’s. However, Waltz does not discuss much about the ideology but relies heavily on the two structural features of inter national politics to expound on the interaction between states in general and the super power in particular.2 In fact, Waltz speaks more of unequal distribution of capabilities with the inclusion of anarchic nature of the international system. According to him, there is the presence of frequent patterns of foreign policy behaviour that flows naturally from the two features although other variants of realism offer related but in difference kind of predictions. Additionally, realist who belong to neoclassical ideology argue that great power behaviour cannot be properly understood without taking into account one or two domestic level factors which include perception of threats that are external or relative power. Never the less, they agree with Waltz that the lawless scenery of the global scheme and the unequal distribution of capabilities which were constrained determined the US and soviet foreign policy decisions.3 Contrary to this, several scholars including John Gaddis argue that c onflict took place due to the incompatible ideologies which ended up after the soviet ideology lost its hostile and antagonistic edge. The scholars further refuted claims that in the absence of clashing ideologies, structural conditions would be enough to spark a fierce rivalry between the US and Soviet Union. Scholar like Richard Rosecrance and Arthur Stein argues that any assessments that focused on narrow constituents of realism which include material power was capable of changing in distribution and the threat prevailing externally were radically incomplete, a situation that did not account for what he US and the Soviet Union did way beyond the year 1947.4 Arguing in the same light was John Mueller who contended that the Marxist ideology shaped Soviet foreign policy and that the liberal democratic values were intrinsic to the goals of US. The perspective implied that ideological considerations overdid the two superpower concerns about the balance of power. Criticism is said to h ave risen in regard to the neo-realism theory which was not in a position to predict the end of the cold war. Additionally, the theory was not able to explain how the war would end up either peaceful or none peacefully. Hence it was regarded as a major fail as it was one of the theories that claimed to be in a position to predict on several war and conflict issues. The binary opposition has limits especially when there is an attempt to understand the complexity of history. With the trials of understanding what the policymakers have done, it is necessary to understand that motives are seldom clear cut. The most hidden documents do not reveal reasons as to why US and Soviet acted during this period. Moreover, it is difficult to